Cholecalciferol

What the research shows

Prototype

No concerns

none of the findings here link it to harm

5 health findings on this page, 4 in people · See the findings

A vitamin D made in skin and found in some foods.

It helps the body take up calcium from the intestines.

Written from English Wikipedia1

  • May not be vegan
  • May not be vegetarian

What research says

Studies in people

  • Benefit

    Vitamin D blood levels2

    Cholecalciferol raised vitamin D levels more than vitamin D2, though people with higher BMI saw less difference.

  • Benefit

    Hip fracture risk in older adults3

    In people over 65, taking cholecalciferol with calcium daily reduced hip fractures.

  • Open question

    Child brain development4

    In people, mothers with higher vitamin D levels had children with lower autism and ADHD risk, but cholecalciferol supplements made no difference.

  • Benefit

    Vitamin D deficiency5

    Vitamin D3 supplements helped patients in this hospital, and no bad reactions were seen even at high doses.

  • No harm found

    Frailty in older adults6

    In older people, taking cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) did not change frailty scores over five years.

Study type not stated

  • Open question

    Vitamin D levels in blood7

    Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) raised blood vitamin D levels more than vitamin D2, though scientists still have questions.

  • Benefit

    Bone and muscle health8

    Cholecalciferol has more scientific evidence behind it than calcifediol for helping bone and muscle problems.

  • No harm found

    Hormone-related health effects9

    Scientists found no published evidence that cholecalciferol disrupts hormones, though it is made in skin from sunlight.

The signal at the top counts the findings in people and in animal and lab studies. A concern in studies of people outranks animal and lab studies, and “No concerns” needs at least two findings in people. Findings whose study type is not stated are shown but not counted. This page is a reference, not medical advice. It describes what regulators and published research say. Talk to a doctor or dietitian about your own diet.

Products

The 6 most-scanned of 12,928 products on Open Food Facts that list cholecalciferol.

  • Croissance réduit en sucre Jaouda · 500 ml 1 additive
  • Benecol Spread Benecol · 500 g 4 additives
  • Protein Chocolate Flavour Pudding Arla · 200 g 5 additives
  • Cheerios General Mills · 8.9 oz 2 additives
  • Kefir Lifeway · 946 ml 1 additive
  • Cheerios General Mills · 18oz (510 g) 2 additives

References

  1. 1Cholecalciferol. Wikipedia. Accessed September 26, 2026.
  2. 2van den Heuvel EG, Lips P, Schoonmade LJ, Lanham-New SA, van Schoor NM. Comparison of the Effect of Daily Vitamin D2 and Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration (Total 25(OH)D, 25(OH)D2, and 25(OH)D3) and Importance of Body Mass Index: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Adv Nutr. 2024;15(1):100133. doi:10.1016/j.advnut.2023.09.016
  3. 3Manoj P, Derwin R, George S. What is the impact of daily oral supplementation of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) plus calcium on the incidence of hip fracture in older people? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Older People Nurs. 2023;18(1):e12492. doi:10.1111/opn.12492
  4. 4Aagaard K, Møllegaard Jepsen JR, Sevelsted A, et al. High-dose vitamin D3 supplementation in pregnancy and risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in the children at age 10: A randomized clinical trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2024;119(2):362-370. doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.12.002
  5. 5McCullough PJ, Lehrer DS, Amend J. Daily oral dosing of vitamin D3 using 5000 TO 50,000 international units a day in long-term hospitalized patients: Insights from a seven year experience. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2019;189:228-239. doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.12.010
  6. 6Orkaby AR, Dushkes R, Ward R, et al. Effect of Vitamin D3 and Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Risk of Frailty: An Ancillary Study of a Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(9):e2231206. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.31206
  7. 7Tripkovic L, Lambert H, Hart K, et al. Comparison of vitamin D2 and vitamin D3 supplementation in raising serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012;95(6):1357-64. doi:10.3945/ajcn.111.031070
  8. 8Sosa Henríquez M, Gómez de Tejada Romero MJ. Cholecalciferol or Calcifediol in the Management of Vitamin D Deficiency. Nutrients. 2020;12(6). doi:10.3390/nu12061617
  9. 9Souberbielle JC, Bacchetta J, Chanson P, et al. [Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) must not be considered as an endocrine disruptor]. Geriatr Psychol Neuropsychiatr Vieil. 2022;20(2):151-161. doi:10.1684/pnv.2022.1031