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- CabbageA leafy green, red, or white vegetable grown for its dense heads.No concerns
- CaffeineA natural stimulant found in coffee and tea.Conflicting
- CalciumA metal found in the body and in foods.Unclear
- Calcium acetateE263Used in food as a preservative or stabiliser.Not enough
- Calcium alginateE404Used in food as a carrier, humectant, sequestrant, stabiliser or thickener.No concerns
- Calcium ascorbateE302A compound that is the calcium salt of ascorbic acid.No concerns
- Calcium carbonateE170iA chemical compound found in rocks, chalk, limestone, eggshells, shells and pearls.Mostly no concerns
- Calcium chlorideE509Used in food as a stabiliser, thickener or coagulant.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- Calcium citratesE333A calcium-based additive also used in supplements.Mostly no concerns
- Calcium D-pantothenateA form of vitamin B5.Not enough
- Calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetateE385Used in food as an antioxidant, preservative or sequestrant.Not enough
- Calcium gluconateE578A calcium supplement made from gluconic acid.No concerns
- Calcium hydroxideE526A white powder made from lime and water.Not enough
- Calcium iodateE916A mineral salt found in nature.Not enough
- Calcium lactateE327A white crystal salt made from calcium.No concerns
- Calcium oxideE529A white solid also called quicklime or burnt lime.Not enough
- Calcium pantothenateA form of vitamin B5 used in supplements and animal feed.No concerns
- Calcium peroxideE930A white compound made from calcium and oxygen.Not enough
- Calcium phosphatesE341Used in food as an emulsifier, humectant, sequestrant, stabiliser or thickener.No concerns
- Calcium propionateE282A preservative made from propanoic acid.Not enough
- Calcium silicateE552White free-flowing powders called calcium silicates.Not enough
- Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylateE482Used in food as an emulsifier or stabiliser.Not enough
- Calcium sulphateE516An inorganic salt that occurs in several forms, including gypsum.Not enough
- Calcium-L-methylfolateThe main active form of folate in the body, which dissolves in water.Not enough
- CamomileA daisy-like plant used to make drinks and flavour food.Not enough
- Candelilla waxE902A wax from the leaves of the small candelilla shrub.Not enough
- Cane sugarA sweetener extracted from sugarcane.Concerning in studies of people
- Cannellini beansA variety of the common bean named for looking like a kidney.Not enough
- Canola oilA vegetable oil made from a type of rapeseed.Mostly no concerns
- CantaloupeA type of true melon with sweet, aromatic, and usually orange flesh.Not enough
- CanthaxanthinE161gUsed in food as a colour.Conflicting
- Cape gooseberryA South American nightshade plant also called Cape gooseberry, goldenberry and Peruvian groundcherry.Not enough
- CapersThe edible flower buds of a plant.Not enough
- Capsicum oleoresinA highly concentrated extract of capsicum.Not enough
- CarawayA spice from a plant, used whole.No concerns
- CarbomerE1210A polymer made from acrylic acid.Not enough
- CardamomA spice from the seeds of a plant in the ginger family.Not enough
- Carnauba waxE903Used in food as a carrier.Not enough
- CarnitineA substance found in meat, poultry, fish and milk.Unclear
- Carob beanA mildly sweet ingredient from carob pods.Not enough
- CaroteneE160aUsed in food as a colour.Mostly no concerns
- CarotenoidsE160Yellow, orange, and red pigments made by plants and algae.No concerns
- CarrageenanE407A gelling and thickening extract from red seaweeds.Conflicting
- CarrotA root vegetable that is usually orange.No concerns
- CaseinThe main protein found in milk.Mostly no concerns
- CaseinateA protein found in milk.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- Cashew nutsThe nut of a tropical tree.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- CassavaA starchy root from a tropical shrub.Concerning in studies of people
- CassiaThe bark of an evergreen tree from southern China, used as a spice.No concerns
- Castor oilE1503Used in food as a carrier or emulsifier.Not enough
- CauliflowerA vegetable in the species Brassica oleracea, in the genus Brassica.Not enough
- Cayenne pepperA type of Capsicum annuum, usually a hot chili pepper used to flavor dishes.Not enough
- CeleriacA group of cultivated Apium graveolens grown for its edible bulb-like hypocotyl and shoots.Not enough
- CeleryA marshland plant eaten as a vegetable.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- CellulaseEnzymes made by fungi, bacteria, and protozoans that break down cellulose and some related substances.Not enough
- CelluloseE460A natural substance found in plants.Concerning in studies of people
- CepAn edible mushroom also called penny bun or porcino.Not enough
- ChardA green leafy vegetable.No concerns
- CheddarA natural, relatively hard, off-white cheese, sometimes sharp-tasting.No concerns
- CheeseA dairy product made from milk.No concerns
- CherryThe fruit of many plants of the genus Prunus.No concerns
- ChestnutThe edible nut of the sweet chestnut tree.Not enough
- ChiaThe edible seeds of a mint family plant.No concerns
- ChickenA domesticated bird kept for meat and eggs.No concerns
- Chicken breastThe most common type of poultry.Not enough
- Chicken fatFat obtained from chicken rendering and processing.Not enough
- Chicken thighA cut of meat from a chicken.Not enough
- ChickpeaA cultivated legume also known as garbanzo beans.Mostly no concerns
- Chickpea proteinA protein taken from chickpeas.Not enough
- ChicoryA plant whose root is used as a sweetener and fiber.No concerns
- Chili pepperA spicy fruit used as a spice.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- ChipotleA smoke-dried ripe jalapeño chili pepper used for seasoning.Not enough
- ChivesA herb and vegetable with edible leaves and flowers.Not enough
- ChlorellaA tiny green algae.No concerns
- ChlorineE925A chemical element that is a yellow-green gas.Not enough
- Chlorophylls and ChlorophyllinsE140Used in food as a colour.Not enough
- ChocolateA food made from roasted and ground cocoa beans.Mostly no concerns
- ChokeberryA dark berry from a North American shrub.No concerns
- CholecalciferolA vitamin D made in skin and found in some foods.No concerns
- CholineA nutrient found in foods like eggs and beans.No concerns
- Choline chlorideA white, water-soluble salt used as a dietary supplement.Unclear
- ChorizoA type of pork sausage.Not enough
- ChromiumTrivalent chromium occurs naturally in many foods and is sold as a dietary supplement.No concerns
- CinnamonA spice made from tree bark.Mostly no concerns
- Citric acidE330A colorless weak organic acid that occurs naturally in citrus fruits.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acidsE472cUsed in food as an antioxidant, emulsifier, sequestrant or stabiliser.Not enough
- CitronA large fragrant citrus fruit with a thick, coarse rind.Not enough
- Citrus fibreA fibre from plants that your body cannot fully break down.Not enough
- Citrus pectinA more digestible form of pectin from citrus fruits.Conflicting
- ClamA common name for several species of bivalve mollusc.Not enough
- Clarified butterMilk fat made from butter with the water and milk solids taken out.Mostly no concerns
- ClementineA citrus fruit hybrid, deep orange, smooth, glossy, with 7 to 14 segments.Not enough
- CloveThe aromatic flower buds of a tree.No concerns
- CochinealE120Used in food as a colour.Concerning in studies of people
- CocoaA powder made from cacao tree seeds.No concerns
- Cocoa butterA pale-yellow fat from cocoa beans.Mostly no concerns
- Cocoa nibsDried, fermented seeds from the cacao tree.Not enough
- CoconutThe large hard fruit of a palm tree.Mostly no concerns
- Coconut butterA creamy paste made from ground dried coconut flesh.Not enough
- Coconut oilAn edible oil from the meat of coconuts.Mostly no concerns
- Coconut sugarA sweetener made from the sap of coconut palm flower buds.Unclear
- CodA fish called cod.Unclear
- CoffeeA drink made from roasted, ground coffee beans.Mostly no concerns
- CollagenThe main structural protein in connective tissues of animals.No concerns
- Collard greensA leafy green vegetable in the cabbage family.Not enough
- ColorA substance that adds or restores colour in food.Unclear
- CopperA metal that is a chemical element.Unclear
- Copper complexes of chlorophylls and chlorophyllinsE141Used in food as a colour.Not enough
- Copper sulphateE519A blue crystal compound made of copper and sulfate.Not enough
- CorianderAn annual herb also known as cilantro or Chinese parsley.Not enough
- CornA grain also known as maize.Mostly no concerns
- Corn fiberA type of roughage from plants that your body cannot fully break down.Mostly no concerns
- Corn starchA powder made from corn grain.Conflicting
- Corn syrupA syrup made from corn starch.Mostly concerning in studies of people
- Corn syrup solidsA sweet syrup made from corn starch.Concerning in studies of people
- CornflowerA flowering plant also called bachelor's button.Not enough
- CottonseedThe seed of the cotton plant.No concerns
- CourgetteA summer squash harvested when its seeds and rind are still soft and edible.Not enough
- CranberryA small tart red berry from a low creeping shrub.Mostly no concerns
- CreamA dairy product made from the fatty layer skimmed off the top of milk.Not enough
- CreatineA compound found in muscle and brain tissue.Mostly no concerns
- Crème fraîcheA soured cream made from cream and bacterial culture.Not enough
- CressA fast-growing edible herb with a peppery, tangy flavour.Not enough
- Cross-linked sodium carboxymethylcelluloseE468Used in food as a stabiliser or thickener.Not enough
- CucumberA widely grown plant in the gourd family.Not enough
- CuminA spice made from the dried seeds of a plant.No concerns
- CurcuminE100A yellow colouring from the turmeric plant.Mostly no concerns
- CyanocobalaminA form of vitamin B12.No concerns
- Cyclamic acid and its Na and Ca saltsE952Used in food as a sweetener.No concerns
- Cytidine monophosphateA building block of RNA.Not enough
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- Galacto-oligosaccharidesA non-digestible food ingredient that occurs in food for infants and adults.No concerns
- GalangalA rhizome of plants in the ginger family, used in cooking.Not enough
- Garam masalaA blend of ground spices from the Indian Subcontinent.Unclear
- GarlicA bulbous flowering plant related to onions.No concerns
- GelatineE428A food ingredient made from animal body parts.Mostly no concerns
- Gellan gumE418A gelling agent made by fermenting sugar with bacteria.No concerns
- Gelling agentA substance that gives food its texture by forming a gel.Not enough
- GheeA type of clarified butter used in South Asian and Indian cooking.Conflicting
- GherkinA small cucumber, either pickled or not.Not enough
- GingerA spice from the root of a plant.No concerns
- GinsengThe root of certain plants.Mostly no concerns
- Glazing agentA natural or synthetic substance that gives food a shiny coating.Not enough
- Gluconic acidE574A substance that comes from glucose.Not enough
- Glucono-delta-lactoneE575A colorless solid, an oxidized derivative of glucose.Not enough
- Glucose oxidaseE1102An enzyme made by certain fungi and insects.No concerns
- Glucose syrupA syrup made from starch, often from corn, potatoes or wheat.Unclear
- Glucose-fructose syrupA sweetener made from corn.Mostly concerning in studies of people
- GlucuronolactoneA substance found in connective tissues and plant gums.Not enough
- Glutamic acidE620A building block of proteins that gives food a savory taste.No concerns
- GlutenA protein found in wheat, barley and rye.Conflicting
- GlycerolE422A sweet-tasting liquid that is found in animal fats and vegetable oils.Conflicting
- Glycerol (skin)Used on skin in creams, lotions, sunscreens, makeup and soaps.Not enough
- Glycerol esters of wood rosinE445A food additive made from wood rosin and glycerin.Not enough
- Glycerol monostearateA food additive commonly known as GMS.Not enough
- Glyceryl triacetateE1518Used in food as a carrier, emulsifier or humectant.Not enough
- Glycine and its sodium saltE640A building block of proteins that tastes sweet.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- GojiThe fruit of two closely related boxthorn plants.No concerns
- GorgonzolaA veined Italian blue cheese made from unskimmed cow's milk.Not enough
- GoudaA mild yellow cheese made from cow's milk.Not enough
- Grana PadanoA hard Italian cheese made from cows' milk.No concerns
- GrapeA fruit that grows in clusters on vines.No concerns
- GrapefruitA citrus fruit that is sour, semi-sweet and somewhat bitter.Unclear
- Green beanYoung, unripe bean pods eaten whole before the seeds inside mature.No concerns
- Green sE142A green dye made from coal tar.Not enough
- GruyèreA hard cheese made from cow milk.Not enough
- Guanylic acidE626A building block of RNA made by microbes.Not enough
- Guar gumE412A powder from guar beans.No concerns
- GuaranaA plant from the Amazon whose seeds contain caffeine.Mostly no concerns
- GuavaA common tropical fruit also called guava-pear.No concerns
- Gum baseThe chewy part of chewing gum.Not enough
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- MacaAn edible plant from the Andes, used as a powder or flour.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- Macadamia nutA nut from an Australian rainforest tree.No concerns
- MaceA spice made from the covering of a nutmeg seed.Not enough
- MackerelAn oily saltwater fish with dark, firm flesh.No concerns
- MagnesiumA mineral found in nuts, cereals, cocoa and vegetables.No concerns
- Magnesium carbonatesE504A colourless or white solid salt.Not enough
- Magnesium chlorideE511Used in food as a stabiliser or coagulant.Unclear
- Magnesium citrateE345A salt made from magnesium and citric acid.No concerns
- Magnesium hydroxideE528A white mineral also called brucite.Not enough
- Magnesium lactateE329A magnesium salt of lactic acid.Not enough
- Magnesium oxideE530A white mineral that is a source of magnesium.No concerns
- Magnesium phosphatesE343Used in food as a stabiliser or thickener.Not enough
- Magnesium salts of fatty acidsE470bUsed in food as an emulsifier, stabiliser or thickener.Not enough
- Magnesium silicatesE553Used in food as a thickener.Not enough
- Magnesium stearateE572A soft white powder made from magnesium and stearic acid.Not enough
- Magnesium sulphateE518A white salt also known as Epsom salt.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- Mahi-mahiA large, colorful saltwater fish also called dolphinfish.Not enough
- Maize branThe hard outer layers of a corn grain.Not enough
- Malic acidE296An acid found in fruits.No concerns
- MaltA cereal grain soaked in water and dried.Conflicting
- MaltitolE965Used in food as an emulsifier, humectant, stabiliser, sweetener or thickener.Conflicting
- MaltodextrinA white solid made from plant starches.Mostly no concerns
- MaltolE636A flavour enhancer found in larch bark and pine needles.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- MaltoseA sugar made of two glucose units.Unclear
- MandarinA small, sweet citrus fruit.No concerns
- ManganeseA chemical element that is an essential human dietary element.Not enough
- MangoA fruit from a large evergreen tree.No concerns
- MannitolE421A sweetener that is a type of sugar alcohol.Concerning in studies of people
- Manzanilla oliveA type of olive from Seville, Spain.Not enough
- MargarineA spread made mainly from refined vegetable oil and water.Conflicting
- MarjoramA herb with sweet pine and citrus flavours.Not enough
- MascarponeA soft Italian dairy product made from cream with acid and heat.Not enough
- MatchaA finely ground powder of green tea.No concerns
- MateA caffeine-rich drink made by soaking dried yerba mate leaves in hot water.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- MelonA sweet, fleshy fruit that grows on a plant.Unclear
- MenaquinoneOne of three types of vitamin K, usually found in animal products or fermented foods.Mostly no concerns
- MentholA white or clear waxy solid from the oils of some mint plants.Not enough
- Methyl celluloseE461A compound derived from cellulose that is added to food products.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- Methyl p-hydroxybenzoateE218A preservative called methylparaben.Not enough
- Microbial rennetEnzymes made by some molds such as Rhizomucor miehei.Not enough
- Milk powderA dairy product made by drying milk.No concerns
- Milk protein concentrateA concentrated milk product that is 40–90% milk protein.Unclear
- Milk protein isolateA concentrated milk product that is 40 to 90 percent milk protein.No concerns
- Milk proteinsProteins that come from dairy products.Mostly no concerns
- MilkfatThe fatty part of milk.No concerns
- MilletAn ancient cereal grain domesticated in East Asia and Africa.No concerns
- Minced beefBeef that has been finely chopped with a knife or grinder.Unclear
- MintA plant from the mint family.Not enough
- MisoA traditional Japanese seasoning made from fermented soybeans.Mostly no concerns
- MizunaA leafy green vegetable from Japan.Not enough
- Modified corn starchA starch treated to change how it behaves.Not enough
- Modified starchA starch that has been treated to change how it behaves.Not enough
- Modified tapioca starchA starch treated physically, enzymatically or chemically to change its properties.Not enough
- MolassesA thick liquid left over from making sugar from sugarcane or sugar beets.Unclear
- MolybdenumA chemical element that is an essential trace dietary element.No concerns
- Mono- and diacetyltartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acidsE472eAn ingredient used in baking.Not enough
- Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acidsE471A food additive composed of diglycerides and monoglycerides.Not enough
- Monosodium glutamateE621A flavor enhancer made from glutamic acid.Mostly no concerns
- Monterey JackA white, semi-hard cheese made from cow's milk.Not enough
- Mortierella alpina oilAn oil made from a fungus found in soil.Not enough
- MozzarellaA southern Italian cheese made from Italian buffalo's milk or cow's milk.Not enough
- Mung beanA plant species in the legume family, sold whole with its green skin intact.No concerns
- MuscovadoA partially refined to unrefined dark brown sugar with a strong molasses content and flavour.Not enough
- MushroomThe fleshy fruit bodies of fungi.No concerns
- MusselA shellfish that lives in saltwater and freshwater.No concerns
- MustardA condiment or spice made from the seeds of a mustard plant.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- MycoproteinA protein made from fungi.No concerns
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- Pak choiA type of Chinese cabbage.Not enough
- Palm kernel fatA plant oil made from the kernel of the oil palm tree.Not enough
- Palm kernel oil and fatAn edible oil from the kernel of the oil palm tree.Not enough
- Palm oilA vegetable oil made from the fruit of the African oil palm.Mostly no concerns
- Palm oleinThe liquid part of palm oil.Mostly concerning in studies of people
- Palm stearinThe solid part of palm oil, made by cooling it in a controlled way.Unclear
- Pantothenic acidA B vitamin found in almost all foods.Mostly no concerns
- PapayaThe plant species Carica papaya, grown in tropical countries.No concerns
- PaprikaA spice made from dried and ground red peppers.No concerns
- Paprika extractE160cUsed in food as a colour.Unclear
- Parmigiano reggianoAn Italian hard cheese made from cow's milk.Not enough
- ParsleyA species of flowering plant in the family Apiaceae.No concerns
- ParsnipA root vegetable related to the carrot and parsley.Not enough
- Partially hydrogenated soybean oilA fat that can be found in some processed foods made with partially hydrogenated oils.Concerning in studies of people
- PassionfruitThe fruit of several plants in the genus Passiflora.No concerns
- PeaPeas are a vegetable when fresh, a pulse when dried.Not enough
- Pea fiberA plant roughage found in legumes that your body cannot fully break down.No concerns
- Pea proteinA protein taken from yellow and green split peas.No concerns
- PeachA juicy fruit from a tree.Not enough
- PeanutA legume crop grown for its edible seeds.No concerns
- PearA tree that bears an edible apple-like fruit.Not enough
- Pearl barleyBarley with the outer hull and bran layer polished off.Not enough
- Pecan nutAn edible nut from a type of hickory tree.No concerns
- PecorinoAn Italian hard cheese made from sheep's milk.No concerns
- PectinE440aA white-to-light-brown powder produced from citrus fruits.No concerns
- Pectin amideE440bA white-to-light-brown powder made from citrus fruits.Not enough
- Penicillium roquefortiA fungus used to make blue cheeses such as Roquefort, Stilton, Danish blue, and Cabrales.Not enough
- Pepper jackPepper Jack is a version of Monterey Jack cheese flavored with chili peppers and herbs.Not enough
- PeppermintA mint plant that is a cross between watermint and spearmint.Not enough
- PepperoniAn American spicy salami of cured pork and beef with paprika and chili peppers.Not enough
- PerillaA herb, seed and vegetable crop from the mint family.No concerns
- Phosphoric acidE338A colorless, odorless solid, commonly an 85% watery solution.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- PhylloquinoneA vitamin found in food and used as a supplement.No concerns
- PimientoA red, heart-shaped chili pepper.Not enough
- Pine nutsThe edible seeds of pine trees.No concerns
- PineappleA tropical plant with an edible fruit.No concerns
- Pinto beansA type of common bean.Unclear
- Piquillo pepperA sweet chili pepper from Northern Spain.Not enough
- Pistachio nutsA seed from a tree, eaten as food.No concerns
- Plain caramelE150aA food colouring that dissolves in water.Not enough
- PlumA fruit that can be eaten fresh or dried.No concerns
- PolydextroseE1200A man-made fibre made from glucose.Mostly no concerns
- Polyethylene glycolE1521A compound derived from petroleum used in many things.Not enough
- Polyglycerol esters of fatty acidsE475Used in food as an emulsifier or stabiliser.Not enough
- Polyglycerol polyricinoleateE476An emulsifier made from glycerol and fatty acids.No concerns
- Polyglycitol syrupE964Used in food as a sweetener.Concerning in studies of people
- Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurateE432Used in food as an emulsifier or stabiliser.Not enough
- Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleateE433A man-made yellow liquid used in pharmaceuticals, foods, and cosmetics.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearateE435Used in food as an emulsifier or stabiliser.Not enough
- Polyoxyethylene sorbitan tristearateE436Used in food as an emulsifier or stabiliser.Not enough
- PolyphosphatesE452Used in food as an emulsifier, humectant, sequestrant, stabiliser or thickener.Concerning in studies of people
- Polyvinyl alcoholE1203Used in food as a thickener.Not enough
- PolyvinylpolypyrrolidoneE1202A changed form of a tablet helper that soaks up water.Not enough
- PolyvinylpyrrolidoneE1201A water-soluble compound made from N-vinylpyrrolidone.Not enough
- PomegranateThe fruit of a shrub that grows 1.5–5 metres tall.No concerns
- Ponceau 4rE124A strawberry red colouring made in a lab.Not enough
- PopcornA corn kernel that puffs up when heated.No concerns
- PoppyTiny seeds from the poppy plant.Not enough
- PorkThe meat of a pig.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- Pork bellyA boneless, fatty cut of meat from a pig's belly.Not enough
- Pork gelatinA see-through, colorless, flavorless food ingredient commonly made from animal body parts.Not enough
- Pork legMeat from a pig.Not enough
- Pork loinA cut of meat from a pig.Not enough
- Pork shoulderA cut of meat from the pig's shoulder.Not enough
- PotassiumA chemical element found in fresh fruits and vegetables.Not enough
- Potassium acetateE261A potassium salt of acetic acid.Not enough
- Potassium benzoateE212A preservative made from benzoic acid.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- Potassium bromateE924A colorless salt used as a source of bromate.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- Potassium carbonatesE501A white salt that dissolves in water.Not enough
- Potassium chlorideE508Used in food as a stabiliser, thickener or preservative.Conflicting
- Potassium citratesE332A potassium salt of citric acid.No concerns
- Potassium gluconateE577A potassium salt of the conjugate base of gluconic acid.No concerns
- Potassium hydroxideE525A white solid also called caustic potash.Not enough
- Potassium iodateE917A white salt that dissolves in water.Not enough
- Potassium iodideA compound used as a medicine and supplement.Not enough
- Potassium lactateE326A substance made by neutralising lactic acid from sugar.Not enough
- Potassium metabisulphiteE224A white crystalline powder with a pungent sulfur odour.Not enough
- Potassium nitrateE252A chemical compound, a potassium salt of nitric acid, also called saltpetre.Not enough
- Potassium phosphatesE340A group of salts made from potassium and phosphate.Not enough
- Potassium sorbateE202A white salt made from sorbic acid.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- Potassium sulphatesE515A white solid also called sulphate of potash.Not enough
- Potassium tartratesE336A potassium salt of tartaric acid.Not enough
- PotatoA starchy vegetable that grows underground.Concerning in studies of people
- Potato dextrinA white, yellow, or brown powder made by heating starch.Not enough
- Potato fiberA roughage from plants that your body cannot fully break down.Not enough
- Potato starchA starch extracted from potatoes.No concerns
- PreservativeA substance added to food to stop it going off.Not enough
- Processed eucheuma seaweedE407aA gelling and thickening extract from red seaweed.Not enough
- PropaneE944A gas that turns liquid when compressed.Not enough
- Propane-1‚2-diol alginateE405A thickener made from kelp.No concerns
- Propane-1‚2-diol esters of fatty acidsE477Used in food as an emulsifier.Not enough
- Propellent gasA gas other than air that pushes food out of a container.Not enough
- Propionic acidE280An acid found in nature with a strong smell.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- Propyl gallateE310A substance added to foods that contain oils and fats.Not enough
- Propyl para-hydroxybenzoateUsed on skin in creams, lotions, sunscreens, makeup and soaps.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- Propylene glycolE490A thick, clear liquid with a faintly sweet taste.Unclear
- Propylene glycol (skin)Used on skin in creams, lotions, sunscreens, makeup and soaps.Concerning in studies of people
- ProteaseE1101An enzyme that breaks down proteins.Not enough
- ProvoloneAn Italian cheese made from cow's milk.Not enough
- PruneA dried plum, usually from the European plum tree.No concerns
- PsylliumA fibre from the seeds of a plant.No concerns
- PumpkinA round orange squash with a thick shell.No concerns
- PyridoxineA form of vitamin B6 found in food.Mostly no concerns
- Pyridoxine hydrochlorideA form of vitamin B6 found in food.No concerns
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- Saccharin and its saltsE954Used in food as a sweetener.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- SafflowerA plant grown for oil from its seeds.Mostly no concerns
- SaffronE164A spice from the saffron crocus flower.No concerns
- SageA herb from the mint family with grayish leaves.Not enough
- SaitheA type of fish that lives in the sea.Not enough
- SalamiA cured sausage made from fermented, air-dried meat, usually pork.Not enough
- SalmonA common name for several species of ray-finned fish.Not enough
- SaltA mineral made mostly of sodium chloride.Concerning in studies of people
- Salt of aspartame-acesulfameE962An artificial sweetener marketed under the name Twinsweet.Not enough
- SardineA small oily fish also known as a pilchard.No concerns
- SauerkrautFinely cut raw white cabbage fermented by lactic acid bacteria.No concerns
- ScallopA common name for marine bivalve molluscs in the family Pectinidae.Not enough
- Sea saltSalt made by evaporating seawater.Not enough
- SeaweedA plant-like sea growth with thousands of species.Conflicting
- SeleniumA chemical element with symbol Se and atomic number 34.No concerns
- SemolinaA coarse wheat product used to make pasta and couscous.Not enough
- Serrano peppersA type of chili pepper from the mountains of Mexico.Not enough
- SesameA plant grown for its edible seeds.No concerns
- ShallotA type of onion.Not enough
- Shea butterA fat from the nut of the African shea tree.Not enough
- ShellacE904A resin from a bug.Not enough
- ShiitakeAn edible mushroom from East Asia.Unclear
- ShrimpA swimming crustacean with a long body and thin legs.Not enough
- Silicon dioxideE551Used in food as a carrier.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- Skimmed milk powderA dairy product made by drying milk.Unclear
- Smoke flavouringA liquid made from smoke used to flavour food.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- Snow peaFlat pods with small, barely-developed seeds inside.Not enough
- SodiumA mineral that is a chemical element.Conflicting
- Sodium acetatesE262A colorless salt of acetic acid that absorbs water from the air.Concerning in studies of people
- Sodium alginateE401A gum from brown algae.No concerns
- Sodium aluminium phosphateE541Used in food as an emulsifier, stabiliser or thickener.Not enough
- Sodium aluminium silicateE554A compound made from sodium, aluminium, silicon and oxygen.Not enough
- Sodium ascorbateE301One of a number of mineral salts of ascorbic acid (vitamin C).Not enough
- Sodium benzoateE211A white crystal made from benzoic acid.Concerning in studies of people
- Sodium bisulphiteE222Used in food as an antioxidant or preservative.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- Sodium carbonatesE500A white, odorless salt that dissolves in water and gives alkaline solutions.Not enough
- Sodium carboxy methyl celluloseE466A form of cellulose gum, often used as its sodium salt.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- Sodium citratesE331Any of the sodium salts of citric acid.No concerns
- Sodium dodecyl sulfateUsed on skin in creams, lotions, sunscreens, makeup and soaps.Mostly concerning in studies of people
- Sodium erythorbateE316Used in food as an antioxidant.Not enough
- Sodium ferrocyanideE535A yellow crystalline solid that dissolves in water.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- Sodium gluconateE576A white, water-soluble powder that is the sodium salt of gluconic acid.Not enough
- Sodium hydroxideE524A white solid also known as lye.Not enough
- Sodium lactateE325A salt made from lactic acid.Not enough
- Sodium malatesE350A compound that is the sodium salt of malic acid.Not enough
- Sodium metabisulphiteE223An inorganic compound used as a disinfectant, antioxidant, and preservative agent.Concerning in studies of people
- Sodium molybdateA white salt that is a source of molybdenum.Not enough
- Sodium nitrateE251A preservative used in cured meats and poultry.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- Sodium nitriteE250A synthetic salt made into a white powder.Conflicting
- Sodium phosphatesE339A generic term for a variety of salts of sodium and phosphate.Conflicting
- Sodium propionateE281The sodium salt of propionic acid.No concerns
- Sodium selenateA form of selenium used in vitamins and feed.Not enough
- Sodium seleniteA form of selenium used in vitamin and mineral products.No concerns
- Sodium stearoyl-2-lactylateE481Used in food as an emulsifier or stabiliser.Unclear
- Sodium sulphatesE514A white solid that dissolves easily in water.Not enough
- Sodium sulphiteE221A white, water-soluble solid, a sodium salt of sulfurous acid.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- Sodium tetraborate (borax)E285A white solid that dissolves in water, listed as a food additive.Not enough
- Sodium thiosulfateE539A white solid that dissolves well in water.Not enough
- Sodium/potassium and calcium salts of fatty acidsE470aUsed in food as an emulsifier, stabiliser or thickener.Not enough
- Sorbic acidE200A natural preservative from rowan berries.Concerning in studies of people
- Sorbitan monostearateE491An ester of sorbitan, a sorbitol derivative, and stearic acid.Not enough
- Sorbitan tristearateE492A waxy substance used in food.Not enough
- SorbitolE420Used in food as a humectant, sequestrant, stabiliser, sweetener or thickener.Mostly concerning in studies of people
- SorghumA grain from Africa used in flour, beer and porridge.No concerns
- SourdoughA bread made with a fermented starter of wild yeast and lactic acid bacteria.No concerns
- Sourdough starterA mix of natural yeast and bacteria used to make bread rise.Not enough
- Soured milkMilk that has been fermented by bacteria already in it.No concerns
- Soy fiberA roughage from plants that your body cannot fully break down.No concerns
- Soy milkA plant-based drink made from soaked and ground soybeans.No concerns
- Soy proteinA protein taken from soybeans.Mostly no concerns
- SoyaA food made from soybeans, a type of bean.No concerns
- Soya lecithinA yellow-brown fatty substance from soybeans.No concerns
- Soya oilA vegetable oil from soybean seeds.Mostly no concerns
- SpearmintA mint plant also known as garden mint.No concerns
- SpeltAn ancient variety of wheat.No concerns
- SpinachA leafy green vegetable eaten fresh or cooked.No concerns
- SpirulinaA blue-green algae eaten as a food.No concerns
- Split peaDried, peeled and split pea seeds.Not enough
- StabiliserAn additive that helps keep a food's structure.Not enough
- Star aniseA spice from the star-shaped fruit of an evergreen tree.Not enough
- StarchA carbohydrate made of many sugar units joined together.No concerns
- Starch sodium octenyl succinateE1450A changed starch that the gut does not absorb whole.No concerns
- Steviol glycosidesE960A sweetener from the leaves of a South American plant.No concerns
- Steviol glycosides from SteviaE960aUsed in food as a sweetener.Not enough
- StrawberryA widely grown fruit from a hybrid plant.No concerns
- Streptococcus thermophilusA bacterium used to make yogurt and other fermented milk products.No concerns
- Succinic acidE363A food additive known as E363.Unclear
- SucraloseE955An artificial sweetener used instead of sugar.Conflicting
- Sucrose acetate isobutyrateE444A food additive also called SAIB.No concerns
- Sucrose esters of fatty acidsE473A man-made substance made from sugar and fats.Not enough
- SugarA sweet ingredient made from sugarcane or sugar beet.Mostly concerning in studies of people
- Sugar syrupA thick liquid made mainly of sugar and water.Not enough
- SugarcaneA tall grass grown for making sugar.Not enough
- Sulphite ammonia caramelE150dUsed in food as a colour.Not enough
- Sulphur dioxideE220A colorless gas with a pungent smell.Concerning in studies of people
- SultanaA pale green seedless grape, also sold as a raisin.No concerns
- SumacA spice made from the dried fruits of a shrub.No concerns
- Summer savoryA herb from the savory genus.Not enough
- Sundried tomatoesRipe tomatoes dried in the sun until most water is gone.Not enough
- SunflowerA flowering plant in the daisy family.No concerns
- Sunflower lecithinA yellow-brown fatty substance from sunflower oil.Not enough
- Sunflower oilAn oil pressed from sunflower seeds.Mostly no concerns
- Sunset yellow FCFE110Used in food as a colour.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- SurimiA paste made from fish or other meat.Not enough
- Sweet potatoA starchy root vegetable that grows underground.No concerns
- SweetcornA type of maize picked young and tender.Not enough
- SweetenerA substance used to give food a sweet taste.Concerning in studies of people
- Synthetic waxE905A wax made from petroleum during refining.Not enough
T
- TagatoseE963A sweetener found in small amounts in foods.Conflicting
- TahiniA Middle Eastern condiment made from ground sesame seeds.Not enough
- TamariA liquid seasoning made from soybeans.Not enough
- TamarindA sweet, tangy pulp from the brown, pod-like fruits of a tropical tree.No concerns
- TapiocaA starch taken from the cassava root.No concerns
- Tara gumE417Used in food as a stabiliser or thickener.Unclear
- TaroA root vegetable.Not enough
- TarragonA perennial herb in the sunflower family.Not enough
- TartrazineE102A man-made lemon yellow colouring used in food.Conflicting
- TaurineA compound found in animal tissues and added to energy drinks.No concerns
- TeaA drink made by steeping tea leaves in water.Conflicting
- TeffA tiny ancient grain from Ethiopia and Eritrea.No concerns
- Tertiary-butylhydroquinone (tbhq)E319A man-made chemical that is a type of phenol.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- TeuthidaA soft-bodied sea animal with arms and tentacles.Not enough
- Textured soy proteinA soy flour product left over from making soybean oil.Not enough
- Thai riceA long-grain fragrant rice grown mainly in Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, and southern Vietnam.Not enough
- ThaumatinE957A sweetener from a West African fruit.Unclear
- ThiaminA vitamin found in food.No concerns
- Thiamin mononitrateA form of vitamin B1.Not enough
- ThickenerA substance that can make a liquid thicker without substantially changing its other properties.No concerns
- Threadfin breamA type of marine fish found in the Indo-West Pacific.Not enough
- ThymeA culinary herb of dried above-ground parts of some mint family plants.No concerns
- TigernutAn edible tuber with stripes and a hard shell.Not enough
- TilapiaA mild freshwater fish farmed and eaten around the world.Not enough
- Titanium dioxideE171A white solid used as a food coloring.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- Titanium dioxide (skin)Used on skin in creams, lotions, sunscreens, makeup and soaps.Concerning in animal and lab studies
- Tocopherol-rich extractE306A form of vitamin E that may be extracted from plant oils.Conflicting
- TofuA food made by pressing curds of soy milk into blocks.Mostly no concerns
- TomatilloA small round green fruit with a papery husk.Not enough
- TomatoThe edible berry of a plant, eaten as a vegetable.No concerns
- TragacanthE413A natural gum from the dried sap of Middle Eastern plants.No concerns
- TrehaloseA sugar made of two glucose molecules.No concerns
- Triethyl citrateE1505A liquid made from citric acid.Not enough
- TriphosphatesE451Sodium triphosphate is an inorganic compound with formula Na5P3O10.Not enough
- TriticaleA grain made by crossing wheat and rye.Not enough
- TruffleThe fruiting body of an underground fungus.Not enough
- TunaA saltwater fish from the mackerel family.Unclear
- TurkeyA large bird raised for meat.Not enough
- Turkey breastMeat from turkeys.Not enough
- Turkey thighMeat from turkeys.Not enough
- TurmericA plant in the ginger family used in cooking.Conflicting
- TurnipA root vegetable with a white, fleshy root.Not enough
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