E161bColour
Lutein
What the research shows
PrototypeNo concerns
none of the findings here link it to harm
5 health findings on this page, all in people · See the findings
Used in food as a colour.
- Vegan
- Vegetarian
- EU permitted
What research says
Studies in people
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No harm found
Vision loss in older adults1
In people at risk of vision loss, lutein plus zeaxanthin did not further lower the chance of the disease getting worse.
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Benefit
Heart artery health2
In people, lutein with two related carotenoids lowered blood markers of inflammation and oxidized fats tied to artery plaque.
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No harm found
Lung cancer risk3
In people with AMD, lutein/zeaxanthin showed no big lung cancer risk, unlike beta carotene.
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Benefit
Children's eye and brain health4
In children, lutein gummies improved eye strain, focus and memory over six months.
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Benefit
Dry eye symptoms5
In people, lutein with zeaxanthin and elderberry eased dry eye symptoms over 20 days.
Study type not stated
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Benefit
Eye health6
Lutein is found in the eye and may help protect against eye problems like macular degeneration.
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Benefit
Eye health and vision7
Lutein is a yellow pigment from leafy greens that collects in the eye and may help protect vision.
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Benefit
Antioxidant roles in plants8
In plants and humans, lutein and zeaxanthin have several protective roles, the review says.
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Benefit
Eye and brain health9
Lutein, found in leafy greens and eggs, may help with eye and brain problems, but scientists do not yet know for sure.
The signal at the top counts the findings in people and in animal and lab studies. A concern in studies of people outranks animal and lab studies, and “No concerns” needs at least two findings in people. Findings whose study type is not stated are shown but not counted. This page is a reference, not medical advice. It describes what regulators and published research say. Talk to a doctor or dietitian about your own diet.
Regulatory status
Checked Sep 2026-
European Union Permitted EUR-Lex Reg. (EC) 1333/2008
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United Kingdom Permitted FSA retained EU law
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Canada Permitted Health Canada · Colouring Agents
Status reflects the named register on the date checked. It is not a safety rating. A country appears here once we've found this ingredient on its official list.
How we checkProducts
The 6 most-scanned of 607 products on Open Food Facts that list lutein.
- Bourn Vita 500Gram Pauch Cadbury 10 additives
- Banana Lunchbox Loaves Soreen 4 additives
- wine gums Maynards 9 additives
- Lemon curd Sainsbury's · 411 g 4 additives
- Jelly Babies Maynards Bassetts · 165 g 7 additives
- Korma Cooking Sauce Sharwood's · 420 g 3 additives
References
- 1Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 Research Group. Lutein + zeaxanthin and omega-3 fatty acids for age-related macular degeneration: the Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2) randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2013;309(19):2005-15. doi:10.1001/jama.2013.4997
- 2Stringham NT, Green M, Roche W, Prado-Cabrero A, Mulcahy R, Nolan J. Lutein, zeaxanthin, and meso-zeaxanthin supplementation attenuates inflammatory cytokines and markers of oxidative cardiovascular processes in humans. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2024;34(8):1976-1983. doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2024.05.009
- 3Chew EY, Clemons TE, Agrón E, et al. Long-term Outcomes of Adding Lutein/Zeaxanthin and ω-3 Fatty Acids to the AREDS Supplements on Age-Related Macular Degeneration Progression: AREDS2 Report 28. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2022;140(7):692-698. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2022.1640
- 4Parekh R, Hammond BR Jr, Chandradhara D. Lutein and Zeaxanthin Supplementation Improves Dynamic Visual and Cognitive Performance in Children: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel, Placebo-Controlled Study. Adv Ther. 2024;41(4):1496-1511. doi:10.1007/s12325-024-02785-1
- 5Goh KM, Tan ESS, Lim CSY, et al. Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Lutein, Zeaxanthin, and Elderberries on Dry Eye Disease (DED) and Immunity: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients. 2024;16(24). doi:10.3390/nu16244366
- 6Li LH, Lee JC, Leung HH, Lam WC, Fu Z, Lo ACY. Lutein Supplementation for Eye Diseases. Nutrients. 2020;12(6). doi:10.3390/nu12061721
- 7Bernstein PS, Li B, Vachali PP, et al. Lutein, zeaxanthin, and meso-zeaxanthin: The basic and clinical science underlying carotenoid-based nutritional interventions against ocular disease. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2016;50:34-66. doi:10.1016/j.preteyeres.2015.10.003
- 8Demmig-Adams B, López-Pozo M, Stewart JJ, Adams WW 3rd. Zeaxanthin and Lutein: Photoprotectors, Anti-Inflammatories, and Brain Food. Molecules. 2020;25(16). doi:10.3390/molecules25163607
- 9Mitra S, Rauf A, Tareq AM, et al. Potential health benefits of carotenoid lutein: An updated review. Food Chem Toxicol. 2021;154:112328. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2021.112328