Succinic acid

Studies in people

• Open question

  Exercise performance²

  Succinic acid supplements may help exercise performance, but the one well-run study found no benefit.

Animal and lab studies only

• Benefit

  Energy metabolism³

  Succinic acid in food may help correct energy metabolism, and in rats it reduced weight gain on a sugary diet.

The signal at the top counts the findings in people and in animal and lab studies. A concern in studies of people outranks animal and lab studies, and “No concerns” needs at least one finding in people. When most findings in people point one way, the page leans that way (“Mostly”), and every finding is still shown. Findings whose study type is not stated are shown but not counted. This page is a reference, not medical advice. It describes what regulators and published research say. Talk to a doctor or dietitian about your own diet.