Elder

Study type not stated

• Benefit

  Fighting off viruses³

  Black elder extracts have shown antiviral and antimicrobial effects, but studies comparing them with standard medicines are lacking.

How it’s made and used

• Supplement label accuracy²

  Elder berry samples were adulterated or mislabeled in 17.1% of cases.

The signal at the top counts the findings in people and in animal and lab studies. A concern in studies of people outranks animal and lab studies, and “No concerns” needs at least one finding in people. When most findings in people point one way, the page leans that way (“Mostly”), and every finding is still shown. Findings whose study type is not stated are shown but not counted. This page is a reference, not medical advice. It describes what regulators and published research say. Talk to a doctor or dietitian about your own diet.