E281Preservative

Sodium propionate

What the research shows

Prototype

No concerns

none of the findings here link it to harm

2 health findings on this page, all in people · See the findings

The sodium salt of propionic acid.

Written from Open Food Facts and English Wikipedia12

  • Vegan
  • Vegetarian
  • EU permitted

What research says

Studies in people

  • Benefit

    Energy burning3

    In people, sodium propionate raised the calories burned at rest and how much fat the body used.

  • Benefit

    Heart and gut health in HIV4

    In 32 people with HIV, daily sodium propionate for 12 weeks improved cholesterol and long-term blood sugar and lowered some inflammation markers.

The signal at the top counts the findings in people and in animal and lab studies. A concern in studies of people outranks animal and lab studies, and “No concerns” needs at least two findings in people. Findings whose study type is not stated are shown but not counted. This page is a reference, not medical advice. It describes what regulators and published research say. Talk to a doctor or dietitian about your own diet.

Regulatory status

Checked Sep 2026

Status reflects the named register on the date checked. It is not a safety rating.

How we check

Products

The 6 most-scanned of 2,774 products on Open Food Facts that list sodium propionate.

  • Big Mac McDonald's · 232 g 18 additives
  • Chai & Quinoa loaf promise Gluten Free 9 additives
  • Multi Grain Loaf Promise Gluten Free · 480 g 8 additives
  • Suga free frollini senza zucchero gullón · 330 g 3 additives
  • Lemon Cakes Mr. Brownie · 200 g 9 additives
  • Oven Roasted Turkey Breast Hillshire Farm · 9 oz 4 additives

References

  1. 1Sodium propionate: ingredient taxonomy entry. Open Food Facts.
  2. 2Sodium propionate. Wikipedia. Accessed September 25, 2026.
  3. 3Chambers ES, Byrne CS, Aspey K, et al. Acute oral sodium propionate supplementation raises resting energy expenditure and lipid oxidation in fasted humans. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2018;20(4):1034-1039. doi:10.1111/dom.13159
  4. 4Brauckmann V, Nambiar S, Potthoff A, et al. Influence of dietary supplementation of short-chain fatty acid sodium propionate in people living with HIV (PLHIV). J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2022;36(6):881-889. doi:10.1111/jdv.18006