Systematic review and meta-analysis · Food & function · 2024Abstract only

Steviol glycosides and blood sugar in adults

What it found

In adults, steviol glycosides lowered fasting blood sugar slightly compared with control, but made no difference to HbA1c.

The authors rate the overall quality of the evidence as low.

What they found

Studies in people

Fasting blood glucose

Pooled results from twelve randomised trials in adults showed a small drop in fasting blood glucose with steviol glycosides compared with control.

HbA1c

There was no difference in HbA1c between the steviol glycoside and control groups.

Subgroups with benefit

Fasting blood glucose improved more in adults aged 50 or under, those without diabetes or high blood pressure at the start, and those who were overweight or obese.

Other findings

Quality of evidence

The overall quality of the evidence was rated as low.

What the authors conclude

“More evidence is required to further clarify and support the benefit of SGs as a sugar substitute for glucose metabolism.”
Bai X, Qu H, Zhang J, et al, 2024

Also in their conclusions

  • They conclude that steviol glycosides produce a significant improvement in glucose metabolism in adults compared with control.
  • They say more evidence is needed to clarify and support the benefit of steviol glycosides as a sugar substitute for glucose metabolism.

How it was done

Randomised trials had given unclear results on how steviol glycosides affect glucose metabolism in adults. The authors wanted to pool those trials to get a clearer answer.

They searched three databases for randomised controlled trials of steviol glycosides in adults. Twelve trials met the criteria, with 871 participants in total, 48% of them female.

What it can’t tell you

  • We summarised it from the abstract only.
  • The overall quality of the evidence was rated as low, so the results may change with more research.
  • The trials were short and varied, so the long-term effects of steviol glycosides on glucose metabolism are not known.

The paper

Title
Effect of steviol glycosides as natural sweeteners on glucose metabolism in adult participants
Type
Systematic review and meta-analysisThe authors follow a set, published method to find every relevant study, then combine the numbers from them into one result.
Evidence
Studies in people
Summarised from
Abstract only
Cite
Bai X, Qu H, Zhang J, et al (2024). Effect of steviol glycosides as natural sweeteners on glucose metabolism in adult participants. Food & function. doi:10.1039/d3fo04695hPubMed 38512280DOI

Summary written 26 Sep 2026. Check it against the paper before it changes what you eat. How we summarise papers · Report an error