Study · Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Conflicts declared

Dietary vitamin E and osteoporosis in older US adults

What it found

In 5,800 older US adults, higher dietary vitamin E intake was linked to a lower chance of having osteoporosis.

This was a snapshot study, so it cannot show cause and effect.

What they found

Studies in people

Osteoporosis prevalence

About 9.9% of the participants had osteoporosis. The average age was 61.4 years.

Higher intake, lower odds

Each extra 1 mg of daily vitamin E was linked to a 4% lower chance of having osteoporosis. The link stayed after adjusting for many factors.

Quartile comparison

People in the highest quarter for vitamin E intake had a lower chance of osteoporosis than those in the lowest quarter. The relationship appeared linear.

Subgroups

The link was similar across sex, age, race, education, BMI, smoking, prior fracture, hormone use, and vitamin D or calcium supplement use. An interaction was seen between vitamin E and prior fracture.

Sensitivity analyses

Adjusting for other nutrients and using two days of diet data gave similar results. The linear link remained.

What the authors conclude

“Our study indicated a linear association between dietary vitamin E levels and osteoporosis in an older population in the United States.”
Zhuang R, Hou W, Zhang T, Wang T, 2024

Also in their conclusions

  • They conclude that their study showed a significant linear association between dietary vitamin E levels and osteoporosis in an older population in the United States.
  • They advise that further research is required to explore the potential effects of different forms of vitamin E on osteoporosis.

How it was done

Oxidative stress with aging can lead to bone loss, and vitamin E is a strong antioxidant. The authors wanted to see whether dietary vitamin E is linked to osteoporosis in people, since this has not been well studied.

They looked at data from 5,800 adults aged 50 and over in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Vitamin E intake was estimated from a 24-hour food recall, and osteoporosis was diagnosed from hip and spine bone density scans.

What it can’t tell you

  • This was a cross-sectional study, so it cannot show whether vitamin E intake causes or prevents osteoporosis.
  • The study cannot rule out other factors that might explain the link.
  • The findings may not apply to people under 50 or outside the United States.

The paper

Title
Association between dietary vitamin E and osteoporosis in older adults in the United States
Type
Study
Evidence
Studies in people
Summarised from
Full text
Cite
Zhuang R, Hou W, Zhang T, Wang T (2024). Association between dietary vitamin E and osteoporosis in older adults in the United States. Frontiers in endocrinology. doi:10.3389/fendo.2024.1410581Free full textPubMed 39497806DOI

Summary written 26 Sep 2026. Check it against the paper before it changes what you eat. How we summarise papers · Report an error