Green jackfruit flour and liver disease in mice
What it found
In mice fed a western diet, green jackfruit flour reduced body weight, liver injury, insulin resistance and liver tumours compared with placebo flour.
The work was done in mice and human liver cells in the lab.
What they found
Animal and lab studies
Body weight and liver
Mice on the western diet plus green jackfruit flour lost more body weight and had lighter livers than those on placebo flour. Calorie intake was the same in both groups.
Blood sugar and insulin
Green jackfruit flour lowered fasting glucose and insulin levels and improved glucose and insulin tolerance in the mice. It also reduced liver enzymes and blood fats.
Liver damage and tumours
In the liver cancer model, mice given green jackfruit flour developed fewer tumours (2 to 4 per mouse) than those on placebo (8 to 10 per mouse). Their livers also showed less steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis.
Inflammation and fibrosis
Green jackfruit flour reduced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and macrophage infiltration in the liver, and reduced fibrosis in both mouse models.
Studies in people and animals
How it may work
The flour activated the AMPK pathway and inhibited the MAPK pathway in the mice. In human liver cells, sodium propionate, a short-chain fatty acid from fibre fermentation, also reduced lipid accumulation and affected the same pathways.
What the authors conclude
- They say their findings provide strong evidence of green jackfruit flour's therapeutic potential in attenuating MASH and MASH-HCC.
- They call for further investigation of green jackfruit flour's efficacy as a dietary intervention in clinical trials.
How it was done
The authors say diet and lifestyle are the main options for MASLD, and they wanted to see whether green jackfruit flour could help with obesity and MASH and stop it progressing to liver cancer.
What it can’t tell you
- These are animal and lab studies. They can't show what happens in people.
- The study did not measure short-chain fatty acid levels in the mice, so the link to propionate is based on other evidence.
- The mice were given a specific dose of green jackfruit flour, so the results may not apply to other amounts or forms.
Who paid
- Conflicts
- Declarations. Competing interest: JJ is the inventor of Jackfruit365™ green jackfruit flour with a patent and CEO of God’s Own Food Solutions Pvt Ltd which along with its subsidiary, manufactures and markets the product. TV holds a pending patent for oncology application of green jackfruit flour and owns shares in God’s Own Food Solutions Pvt Ltd. All other authors declare no conflicting financial interests. Ethical approval: All procedures involving animals were conducted following approved protocols and adhering to the guidelines and regulations outlined by the Committee for Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA), Government of India (JSSAHER/CPT/IAEC/165/2023) and the authors complied with the ARRIVE guidelines.
- Authors work at
- JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, India; University of Transdisciplinary Health Sciences and Technology, India; St. Joseph's Hospital Trust, India
The paper
- Title
- Green jackfruit flour ameliorates MASH and development of HCC via the AMPK and MAPK signaling pathways in experimental model systems
- Type
- Study
- Evidence
- Studies in people · animals · lab
- Summarised from
- Full text
- Cite
- Suresh D, Gunaseelan B, Srinivas AN, et al (2025). Green jackfruit flour ameliorates MASH and development of HCC via the AMPK and MAPK signaling pathways in experimental model systems. Scientific reports. doi:10.1038/s41598-025-96944-1Free full textPubMed 40204999DOI
Summary written 30 Sep 2026. Check it against the paper before it changes what you eat. How we summarise papers · Report an error