Oyster mushroom meal and GLP-1 response linked to gut bacteria
What it found
In 16 adults with impaired glucose tolerance, a single meal with oyster mushroom powder raised GLP-1 more in people whose gut bacteria were less even.
The effect depended on the types of bacteria present before the meal.
What they found
Studies in people
GLP-1 and bacterial evenness
People with lower bacterial evenness had a stronger GLP-1 response after the mushroom meal than after the control meal. Those with higher evenness showed no difference between meals.
Specific bacteria and GLP-1
The presence of Eubacterium ventriosum group and Clostridium methylpentosum group was linked to higher GLP-1 levels after the mushroom meal.
NEFA response
The NEFA response to the meal did not appear to be related to gut bacteria diversity or types.
Bacterial diversity and GLP-1
Higher overall bacterial diversity was linked to a smaller difference in GLP-1 response between the two meals.
What the authors conclude
“Baseline gut microbiota composition modulates the GLP-1 response to a single meal fortified with β-glucan-rich oyster mushroom powder, with differences in GLP-1 response being more pronounced in individuals whose microbiome is more specialized in fermenting fiber into SCFAs.”
Also in their conclusions
- They conclude that gut microbiota composition modulates the GLP-1 response to a single meal fortified with oyster mushroom powder in adults with impaired glucose tolerance.
- They suggest that the baseline gut microbiome may help identify who is most likely to benefit from a dietary intervention.
- They call for larger studies to fully understand the impact of the gut microbiome on GLP-1 responses and the underlying mechanisms.
How it was done
The authors wanted to understand why people respond differently to a meal fortified with oyster mushroom powder, and whether gut bacteria explain the difference.
They studied 16 adults with impaired glucose tolerance who ate two meals, one with 20 g oyster mushroom powder and one without, at least a week apart. Blood was sampled over 4 hours and a stool sample was collected before the first meal.
What it can’t tell you
- This was a small study of 16 people, so the results may not apply to everyone.
- The study only looked at a single meal, so it cannot show what happens with long-term consumption of oyster mushroom powder.
- The researchers used stool samples, which may not reflect bacterial activity in the small intestine.
Who paid
- Funding
- Funded by German Federal Ministry of Education (BMBF); German Research Foundation (DFG); Ministerium für Innovation, Wissenschaft und Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (from the PubMed record).
- Conflicts
- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
- Authors work at
- University of Bonn, Germany; University of Copenhagen, Denmark
The paper
- Title
- GLP-1 Responses to a Single Meal Fortified With Oyster Mushroom Powder in Adults With Impaired Glucose Tolerance Depend on the Gut Microbiota Composition Before the Meal
- Type
- Randomised controlled trial
- Evidence
- Studies in people
- Summarised from
- Full text
- Licence
- CC BY. Words in quotation marks are the authors’; the rest is our summary.
- Cite
- Klümpen L, Donkers A, Seel W, et al (2025). GLP-1 Responses to a Single Meal Fortified With Oyster Mushroom Powder in Adults With Impaired Glucose Tolerance Depend on the Gut Microbiota Composition Before the Meal. Molecular nutrition & food research. doi:10.1002/mnfr.70159Free full textPubMed 40583417DOI
Summary written 30 Sep 2026. Check it against the paper before it changes what you eat. How we summarise papers · Report an error