Randomised trial · Public health nutrition · 2010

Peanuts and heart risk in men with high cholesterol

What it found

In 54 men with high cholesterol, adding about 77 g of peanuts a day to their usual diet for 4 weeks raised HDL cholesterol and lowered two cholesterol ratios and an estimated 10 year heart risk score.

Total and LDL cholesterol did not change.

What they found

Studies in people

Good cholesterol up

HDL cholesterol rose by an average of 6.1 mg/dl, a 17% increase, when the men added peanuts to their usual diet.

Cholesterol ratios down

The total cholesterol to HDL ratio fell by an average of 1, and the LDL to HDL ratio fell by an average of 0.7. Both ratios dropped by 13%.

Total and LDL cholesterol

Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides did not change significantly with peanut supplementation.

Antioxidants in blood

Total antioxidant capacity in the blood rose by 13% with peanut supplementation.

Atherogenic index

The atherogenic index of plasma, a marker of plaque buildup risk, fell by 35% with peanut supplementation.

Estimated heart risk

The estimated 10 year risk of a heart event fell by 14% based on systolic blood pressure and by 24% based on diastolic blood pressure.

Weight and blood pressure

Body weight and blood pressure stayed stable throughout the study, even though the men ate more calories and fat.

What the authors conclude

“Short-term peanut consumption might improve lipid profiles, the AIP and CHD risk in free-living hypercholesterolaemic men.”
Ghadimi Nouran M, Kimiagar M, Abadi A, Mirzazadeh M, Harrison G, 2010

Also in their conclusions

  • They conclude that short-term peanut consumption might improve lipid profiles, the atherogenic index of plasma and heart disease risk in free-living men with high cholesterol.
  • They say that adding peanuts to the diet without any other dietary changes can favourably modify these risk factors.
  • They call for more studies to determine the long-term effects of peanut consumption on lipid profiles, metabolic changes and heart disease risk in men with high cholesterol.

How it was done

The authors wanted to see whether peanuts themselves help, since earlier studies combined peanuts with low fat or low saturated fat diets, making it unclear whether the peanut or the diet change was responsible.

Fifty-four men aged 25 to 65 with total cholesterol between 200 and 350 mg/dl ate their usual diet for 4 weeks and their usual diet plus peanuts for 4 weeks, in random order, with a 4 week gap between. Peanuts were given at 60, 77 or 93 g a day depending on the man's energy intake.

What it can’t tell you

  • The study lasted only 4 weeks, so it cannot show what happens over months or years.
  • The men were all hypercholesterolaemic men, so the results may not apply to women or to people with normal cholesterol.
  • The study measured risk factors and estimated risk scores, not actual heart attacks or deaths.

The paper

Title
Peanut consumption and cardiovascular risk
Type
Randomised controlled trial
Evidence
Studies in people
Summarised from
Full text
Cite
Ghadimi Nouran M, Kimiagar M, Abadi A, Mirzazadeh M, Harrison G (2010). Peanut consumption and cardiovascular risk. Public health nutrition. doi:10.1017/S1368980009992837Free full textPubMed 20025830DOI

Summary written 26 Sep 2026. Check it against the paper before it changes what you eat. How we summarise papers · Report an error