Systematic review and meta-analysis · Complementary therapies in medicine · 2020Conflicts declared

Cashew nuts and blood pressure, cholesterol in trials

What it found

In 392 people from three trials, eating cashew nuts lowered systolic blood pressure slightly but made no difference to cholesterol levels or diastolic blood pressure.

What they found

Studies in people

Systolic blood pressure

Systolic blood pressure fell by about 3.4 points more in people eating cashew nuts than in controls. The result was consistent across the included trials.

Diastolic blood pressure

Diastolic blood pressure showed no clear difference between the cashew and control groups.

Cholesterol levels

Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides were all about the same in the cashew and control groups.

Other findings

Publication bias

The authors found no sign that the results were skewed by unpublished studies, and removing any single trial did not change the overall findings.

What the authors conclude

“This meta-analysis demonstrated that cashew nut consumption might reduce SBP but has no effects on lipid profile and DBP.”
Jalali M, Karamizadeh M, Ferns GA, Zare M, Moosavian SP, Akbarzadeh M, 2020

Also in their conclusions

  • They conclude that cashew nut consumption might reduce systolic blood pressure but has no effects on lipid profile and diastolic blood pressure.
  • They suggest that future studies should use identical diets in both the cashew and control groups so that any effects can be linked to the nuts.
  • They call for additional trials testing higher doses of cashew on lipid profile.

How it was done

The authors note that abnormal cholesterol and high blood pressure are important risk factors for heart disease, and some studies suggest eating nuts may lower heart disease risk. They wanted to see whether cashew nuts specifically affect these risk factors.

They pooled three randomized controlled trials that gave cashew nuts to adults aged 18 and over. The trials lasted 4 to 12 weeks, with cashew doses of 30 or 42 grams per day in two trials; the third did not report a dose. In total, 190 people received cashews and 202 were controls.

What it can’t tell you

  • The review pooled only three trials with 392 people, so the results may not apply to everyone.
  • The trials lasted only 4 to 12 weeks, so longer-term effects are unknown.
  • The diets of the cashew and control groups were not identical in the included studies, so some effects might come from other diet differences.

The paper

Title
The effects of cashew nut intake on lipid profile and blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Type
Systematic review and meta-analysisThe authors follow a set, published method to find every relevant study, then combine the numbers from them into one result.
Evidence
Studies in people
Summarised from
Full text
Cite
Jalali M, Karamizadeh M, Ferns GA, Zare M, Moosavian SP, Akbarzadeh M (2020). The effects of cashew nut intake on lipid profile and blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Complementary therapies in medicine. doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102387Free full textPubMed 32444052DOI

Summary written 26 Sep 2026. Check it against the paper before it changes what you eat. How we summarise papers · Report an error