Study · Journal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2025Abstract only

Fructooligosaccharides and daily thinking rhythms in mice on a high-fat diet

What it found

In mice fed a high-fat diet, fructooligosaccharides improved daily swings in learning and memory and restored related brain and gut signals.

This was an animal study.

What they found

Animal and lab studies

Daily cognitive deficits

Fructooligosaccharides improved the daily cognitive deficits in the high-fat diet mice, as measured by Barnes maze and novel object recognition tests.

Brain gene rhythms

The treatment restored the daily rises and falls of neuroplasticity genes (Bdnf, Psd95, Ngf) in the hippocampus of the mice.

Brain inflammation markers

It also restored daily patterns of neuroinflammatory markers (TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β) in the same brain region.

Gut bacteria and barrier

Fructooligosaccharides reshaped the daily dynamics of gut bacteria and improved gut barrier integrity, shown by daily Occludin expression.

Microbial metabolites

The treatment normalized the shifted daily patterns of microbial metabolites, especially short-chain fatty acids.

What the authors conclude

“FOS reinstated diurnal cognitive plasticity accompanied by normalization of SCFAs and gut-brain axis activity, highlighting a microbiota-targeted dietary approach for diurnal disruption in metabolic disorders.”
Zhao Z, Zhao Y, Dai S, et al, 2025

Also in their conclusions

  • They conclude that FOS reinstated diurnal cognitive plasticity along with normalization of SCFAs and gut-brain axis activity.
  • They highlight this as a microbiota-targeted dietary approach for diurnal disruption in metabolic disorders.

How it was done

High-fat diets disrupt the daily ups and downs of cognitive function, and the authors say nutritional ways to counter this are poorly explored.

They studied mice made obese by a high-fat diet. The mice were given fructooligosaccharides, and the researchers measured cognitive tests, brain genes and inflammatory markers, gut bacteria, gut barrier proteins, and short-chain fatty acids.

What it can’t tell you

  • We summarised it from the abstract only.
  • These are animal studies. They can't show what happens in people.
  • The study cannot prove that the same effects would occur in humans eating a high-fat diet.

The paper

Title
Fructo-Oligosaccharides Restore High-Fat Diet-Disrupted Diurnal Fluctuations in Cognitive Function in Mice via the Gut-Brain Axis
Type
Study
Evidence
Animals and lab studies
Summarised from
Abstract only
Cite
Zhao Z, Zhao Y, Dai S, et al (2025). Fructo-Oligosaccharides Restore High-Fat Diet-Disrupted Diurnal Fluctuations in Cognitive Function in Mice via the Gut-Brain Axis. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.5c10321PubMed 41201833DOI

Summary written 26 Sep 2026. Check it against the paper before it changes what you eat. How we summarise papers · Report an error