Review · Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology · 2012Abstract only

L-cysteine as an add-on therapy for type-2 diabetes

What it found

In diabetic animals and people, cysteine-rich whey protein improved glucose metabolism, and animal studies found the same for L-cysteine.

The authors say more human trials are needed.

What they found

Studies in people

Whey protein in people

Cysteine-rich whey protein improved glucose metabolism in people with type-2 diabetes, according to the reviewed literature.

Animal and lab studies

Whey protein in animals

Cysteine-rich whey protein also improved glucose metabolism in diabetic animals.

L-cysteine in animals

In animal studies, glucose metabolism improved after supplementation with L-cysteine or with molecules that contain a cysteine part.

Other findings

How it may work

The authors describe biochemical ways in which L-cysteine may boost the insulin-dependent signalling pathways involved in glucose metabolism.

Cost

The authors describe L-cysteine as a relatively low-cost dietary supplement that could be used alongside existing type-2 diabetes treatment.

What the authors conclude

“Further studies are needed to examine whether clinical interventions using L-cysteine as an adjuvant therapy indeed help to control glycemia and vascular inflammation in the diabetic patient population.”
Jain SK, 2012

Also in their conclusions

  • They say further studies are needed to examine whether clinical interventions using L-cysteine as an adjuvant therapy indeed help to control glycemia and vascular inflammation in the diabetic patient population.

How it was done

Many people with type-2 diabetes struggle to keep their blood glucose tightly controlled with diet and current oral drugs. The authors looked at a low-cost dietary supplement that might help as an add-on therapy.

They reviewed the published literature on cysteine-rich whey protein and L-cysteine in diabetic animals and in people with type-2 diabetes. They also describe the biochemical pathways by which L-cysteine may affect insulin signalling in glucose metabolism.

What it can’t tell you

  • We summarised it from the abstract only.
  • Most of the evidence on L-cysteine itself comes from animal studies, which cannot show what happens in people.
  • The review does not report a human trial testing L-cysteine as an add-on therapy, so it cannot show whether it controls blood glucose or blood vessel inflammation in people with type-2 diabetes.

The paper

Title
L-cysteine supplementation as an adjuvant therapy for type-2 diabetes
Type
ReviewThe authors read earlier studies and describe what they found. It isn’t a new study.
Evidence
Studies in people · animals · lab
Summarised from
Abstract only
Cite
Jain SK (2012). L-cysteine supplementation as an adjuvant therapy for type-2 diabetes. Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology. doi:10.1139/y2012-087PubMed 22783875DOI

Summary written 26 Sep 2026. Check it against the paper before it changes what you eat. How we summarise papers · Report an error